What makes us human? When I was a kid, it was the assertion that we were the only animals that used tools. Then we noticed that wasn't true, so the supposed bright line between Us and Them was pushed toward the formulation of language. Alas, we have now noticed the apparent existence of names and evidence for simple grammar and syntax among the vocalizations of species as charismatic as whales and as humble as prairie dogs. So what is it then that "separates us from the animals"?
A new theory by Michael Corballis, detailed in his new book The Recursive Mind, pins the blame for this individuation on our ability to think about thinking, and to be aware of our thinking. This recursive ability, he posits, comes before language and shapes language. Interesting stuff, but I've read of separate research that recently came to light suggesting the existence of limited recursive thinking in other animals based on their ability to figure out the logical consequences of actions within an experimental setting. My Google-fu is weak this morning but I will find that link and post it here as well when I do.
So really, guys, this "separation from the animals" concept - what does it do for us precisely? It's like so many other interestingly useful cultural concepts; it can help us move gracefully through the day without worrying too much about trivia, but as we zoom in on it, it expands until the tipping point becomes completely arbitrary. Still, I am glad to see someone else mounting a reasonable refutation of Chomsky's all-pervasive ideas on linguistics.
In my best recursive fashion, I am posting a link to a review of the book. So, you may read more about reading more about it here: Thoughts within thoughts make us human, via NewScientist.com
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